Library making technique (6)

New parts making

The part which is not in the library of EAGLE must be newly made by yourself. As for the new part data, the symbol data to use with the schematic and the pattern data to use with the board should be made first. After that, the device data that they were combined is made. The various techniques are necessary to make symbol data and package data. The techniques to introduce here are some of them. Please acquire the other techniques by yourself. Below, I will introduce about the making of a ultrasonic sonar as the example. I made the name of the library "15_sonar.lbr". As for the making of a library, look at "Creating of a new library".

Symbol data making

Let's attempt to make symbol data first.
It pushes the Symbol button and makes symbol data. This time, I made TX. The screen where grid line were drawn with 0.1 inches is indicated in the window.

A grid interval is indicated at the upper left of the screen.

The lead wire of the part should be drawn on the grid line of 0.1 inches. This is to adjust the connection position of the part when putting a part on the schematic.

Adjustment of the grid interval

The grid dialog can be shown by the grid icon.

To adjust a grid interval, select View -> Grid from the menu.

You can change a grid interval at the value of Size.
When the set value is small, a grid line isn't indicated. Even if a grid line isn't displayed, the grid function is effective.
I set to 0.01 inches when I draw a symbol detail.
It should draw after returning to 0.1 inches again when drawing a lead wire.

1 inch = 1000 mil
1 inch = 25.4 mm
1 inch = 25400 mic

Drawing of a symbol

Wire function is used to draw a schematic symbol.

When pushing the Wire button, a tool bar like above is indicated at the top of the window.
The symbol should be drawn in "94 Symbols" layer. EAGLE is managing various data with the layer. The data in each layer can do display or non-display independently. The symbol of the schematic is 94 layer.

The button in the right is the button which selects the curve of the line.
The thickness of the line can be designated by Width. I am using 0.005 inches for the lead wires and 0.01 inches for the symbol lines. When the pull-down menu doesn't have the value to want, the value can be directly set in the Width window. The point of the setting is to put a mouse pointer on the Width window during setting of a value. It isn't sometimes possible to set when removing a mouse pointer from the window.
The line style can be selected in Style. Generally, Continuous is used.


It makes a grid 0.1 inches and it draws a guide line for the symbol position. It gets not to know a 0.1-inch position when making a grid small. I make Width 0.005 inches.	It makes a grid 0.01 inches and it draws a symbol in detail. A curve is drawn by Circle or Arc button. The drawn line can be adjusted by Move button. I make Width 0.01 inches.	It makes a grid 0.1 inches again and it removes a guide line. It is completion if adjusting a length of lead wire.

Name and Value designating

It sets the designation of the name and the value of the part. Designation is described as the letter using the Text button.
The part name must be set to 95 and the value must be set to 96.

	->		->
Let's set NAME first. Text window is indicated when pushing the Text button. It types with ">NAME" to the text box and it pushes the OK button. ">NAME" which moves with the mouse pointer is indicated on the window. Don't put yet.		The layer must be changed. Select 95 Names and change to the layer of the name.		After above setting, it puts a text near the symbol. This place becomes the default position of the name. The position can be changed by the Smash function of the schematic.

	->		->
Next, it sets VALUE. It types with ">VALUE" to the text box and it pushes the OK button. ">VALUE" which moves with the mouse pointer is indicated on the window.		The layer must be changed. Select 96 Values and change to the layer of the value.		After above setting, it puts a text near the symbol.

Pin setting
It sets Pin to connect with the other part to the created symbol data. This Pin is linked to Pad of the board at the device data. In case of this sonar part, two Pads are used for one wiring. So, two Pins of the symbol should be provided for one wiring.

The Pin button is used for the pin to be additional.

Following icon bar is indicated when pushing the Pin button.

Orientation

This is the orientation of the pin. When placing pins manually the right mouse button rotates the pin.
This function is no effect when Length is Point. But, it is possible to use to change the display position of Direction.

Function

This is the graphic representation of the pin. Usually, None on the left is used.

Length

This is the length of the pin symbol. In case of Point on the left, it becomes only a node.

Visible

This parameter defines if pin and/or pad name are visible in the schematic. In case of None on the left, a name isn't indicated.

Direction

This is the logical direction of signal flow. It is essential for the Electrical Rule Check (ERC) and for the automatic wiring of the power supply pins. The following possibilities may be used:

NC	Not Connected	Terminal which is connected with nowhere ( Unused terminal of the IC and so on )
In	Input	Input terminal
Out	Output	Output terminal ( totem-pole output ) The totem-pole output circuit is the drive circuit which was connected the transistor of PNP and NPN in series. Such a name is used because it resembles "Totem-pole" which piled a different object.
I/O	In/Output	Input and Output terminal ( bidirectional )
OC	Open Collector or open drain	Open collector or Open drain terminal ( FET )
Hiz	High impedance output	High impedance output terminal ( e.g. 3-state )
Pas	Passive	Passive terminal ( for resistors, capacitors etc )
Pwr	Power input pin	Power input terminal ( Vcc, Gnd, Vss, Vdd, etc )
Sup	General supply pin	General supply terminal ( e.g. for ground symbol )

Swaplevel

Swaplevel is a number between 0 and 255. Swaplevel = 0 indicates that a pin can not be swapped with another. The allocation of a number greater than 0 indicates that a pin may be swapped with any other in the same symbol with the same swaplevel number. For example: The inputs of a NAND gate could be allocated the same swaplevel number as they are all identical.

This time, I did the following setting to the terminal of the sonar.

Function	None
Length	None
Visible	None
Direction	Pas
Swaplevel	0

Because Length is None, the setting of Orientation is the same anywhere. However, the position of the "Pas" changes with the setting of Orientation.

Four Pins are corresponding to four Pads on the board.

Pin name setting

It puts a name to Pin. This name is used for a link to Pad on the board. It doesn't need the name which is the same as Pad. The same name can prevent mistake.
The setting of Pin name is done by the Name button. It clicks Pin which sets or confirms a name by pushing the Name button. The setting window of Name is displayed by this. It sets a necessary name.

The making of symbol data ended above. I recommend data save at this point.

Package data making

Let's make package data.
It pushes the Package button and makes package data. I did to TX like the symbol. The screen where grid line were drawn with 0.05 inches is indicated in the window. In the pin interval of the DIP-type IC, it is 0.1 inches. So, it becomes the pin interval of the IC with 2 grids.

The interval of the grid is displayed in the upper left in the window.

It should change a grid interval according to the pin interval of the part. Usually, there is no problem in the 0.05-inch interval. In case of SMD(Surface Mount Device), it is necessary to adjust in the pin interval.

Adjustment of the grid interval

To adjust a grid interval, select View -> Grid from the menu.

You can change a grid interval at the value of Size.
When the set value is small, a grid line isn't indicated. Even if a grid line isn't displayed, the grid function is effective.

Setting of Pad
It puts Pad which mounts a part first.

The Pad button is used for the putting of Pad.

When pushing the Pad button, a tool bar like above is indicated at the top of the window.
The mark of five pieces of green on the left is the shape selecting button of Pad. It is a square, a round, an octagon, an X long octagon and a Y long octagon.
The diameter of Pad can be set by Diameter. In case of the square, it is length with side. In case of the round, it is diameter. In case of octagon, it is length in the top and the bottom, on either side. In case of an X long octagon and a Y long octagon, it is length with short side. The setting unit is an inch. To change millimeter from inch, it does inches by 25.4 times. 0.05(inch) x 25.4 = 1.27(mm). In case of auto, the diameter of Pad is automatically set according to the setting size of Drill.
Drill is the setting of the diameter of the hole. It should be set according to the diameter of the lead wire of the part. The setting unit is an inch. 0.032(inch) x 25.4 = 0.8(mm).

In case of this time, I made a drill diameter 0.04 inch(1mm),
making Pad diameter automatically,
making the shape of Pad X long octagon.
2 two pin terminals with 0.1-inch interval are used.
Two terminals are put in the 0.4-inch interval.

Drawing of a part shape
It is difficult to find the mounting place of the parts when there are a lot of pins on the printed board. Especially, when the package density of the part is high, the confusion is intense. It is possible for the confusion to decrease if the shape of the part is drawn. It becomes the reference of the putting of a part if the size of the part is drawn. It is also possible to prevent the defect of the mounting by the bump of the parts.

The Wire button is used to draw the shape of the part.

When pushing the Wire button, a tool bar like above is indicated at the top of the window.
"21 tPlace" layer is used for the part shape. Where "t" is Top and is the component side of printed board. The wiring side is "22 bPlace". The function of the other button is the same as schematic symbol.

A line is drawn in white.
When drawing a shape, it makes a grid interval small according to need.

Addition of letters

In case of addition of the letters except name(>NAME) and value(>VALUE), it uses the Text button and adds them to the "21 tPlace" layer.

Name and Value designating
It sets the designation of the name and the value of the part. Designation is described as the letter using the Text button.
The part name must be set to 25 and the value must be set to 27.

Pad name setting

It puts a name to Pad. This name is used for a link to Pin of the symbol. It doesn't need the name which is the same as Pin. The same name can prevent mistake.
The setting of Pad name is done by the Name button. It clicks Pad which sets a name by pushing the Name button. The setting window of Name is displayed by this. It sets a necessary name.

The making of package data ended above. I recommend data save at this point.

Device data making
Device data is made with the combination of the symbol data and the package data. The device data is used for the parts adding to the schematic. By the device data, package data is automatically added to the board simultaneously with making of a schematic.

As for the making of device data, refer to "Creating of device data".